ESC

Publications

2025

  1. Re-ranking Using Large Language Models for Mitigating Exposure to Harmful Content on Social Media Platforms
    Rajvardhan Oak, Muhammad Haroon, Claire Wonjeong Jo, Magdalena Wojcieszak and Anshuman Chhabra
    Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL 2025) , 894–908
    PDF 
    @inproceedings{oak2025reranking,
  author = {Oak, Rajvardhan and Haroon, Muhammad and Jo, Claire Wonjeong and Wojcieszak, Magdalena and Chhabra, Anshuman},
  title = {Re-ranking Using Large Language Models for Mitigating Exposure to Harmful Content on Social Media Platforms},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 63rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics},
  venue = {Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL 2025)},
  pages = {894--908},
  year = {2025},
  pdf = {https://aclanthology.org/2025.acl-long.44.pdf}
}
  2. Towards Characterizing and Detecting Incentivized Reviews on eCommerce Platforms
    Rajvardhan Oak and Zubair Shafiq
    International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media (ICWSM 2025) , 1358–1369
    PDF 
    @inproceedings{oak2025incentivized,
  author = {Oak, Rajvardhan and Shafiq, Zubair},
  title = {Towards Characterizing and Detecting Incentivized Reviews on eCommerce Platforms},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media},
  venue = {International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media (ICWSM 2025)},
  pages = {1358--1369},
  year = {2025},
  pdf = {https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/ICWSM/article/download/35877/38031/39945/}
}
  3. “Hello, is this Anna?”: Unpacking the Lifecycle of Pig-Butchering Scams
    Rajvardhan Oak and Zubair Shafiq
    USENIX Symposium on Usable Privacy and Security (SOUPS 2025) , 1–18
    PDF 
    @inproceedings{oak2025pigbutchering,
  author = {Oak, Rajvardhan and Shafiq, Zubair},
  title = {``Hello, is this Anna?'': Unpacking the Lifecycle of Pig-Butchering Scams},
  booktitle = {Symposium on Usable Privacy and Security},
  venue = {USENIX Symposium on Usable Privacy and Security (SOUPS 2025)},
  pages = {1--18},
  year = {2025},
  pdf = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/soups2025-oak-butchering.pdf}
}
  4. Victims, Vigilantes, and Advice Givers: An Analysis of Scam-Related Discourse on Reddit
    Rajvardhan Oak and Zubair Shafiq
    USENIX Symposium on Usable Privacy and Security (SOUPS 2025) , 57–71
    PDF 
    @inproceedings{oak2025scamreddit,
  author = {Oak, Rajvardhan and Shafiq, Zubair},
  title = {Victims, Vigilantes, and Advice Givers: An Analysis of Scam-Related Discourse on Reddit},
  booktitle = {Symposium on Usable Privacy and Security},
  venue = {USENIX Symposium on Usable Privacy and Security (SOUPS 2025)},
  pages = {57--71},
  year = {2025},
  pdf = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/soups2025-oak-discourse.pdf}
}
  5. Towards Safer Social Media Platforms: Scalable and Performant Few-Shot Harmful Content Moderation Using Large Language Models
    Akash Bonagiri, Lucen Li, Rajvardhan Oak, Zeerak Babar, Magdalena Wojcieszak and Anshuman Chhabra
    arXiv preprint
    PDF arXiv 
    @unpublished{bonagiri2025safer,
  author = {Bonagiri, Akash and Li, Lucen and Oak, Rajvardhan and Babar, Zeerak and Wojcieszak, Magdalena and Chhabra, Anshuman},
  title = {Towards Safer Social Media Platforms: Scalable and Performant Few-Shot Harmful Content Moderation Using Large Language Models},
  note = {arXiv:2501.13976},
  venue = {arXiv preprint},
  doi = {2501.13976},
  year = {2025},
  pdf = {https://arxiv.org/pdf/2501.13976},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.13976}
}

2024

  1. Deep Learning Model to Detect Deceptive Generative Adversarial Network Generated Images Using Multimedia Forensic
    Haewon Byeon, Mohammad Shabaz, Kapil Shrivastava, Anjali Joshi, Ismail Keshta, Rajvardhan Oak, Pavitar Parkash Singh and Mukesh Soni
    Computers and Electrical Engineering 113, 109024
    PDF 
    @article{byeon2024gan,
  author = {Byeon, Haewon and Shabaz, Mohammad and Shrivastava, Kapil and Joshi, Anjali and Keshta, Ismail and Oak, Rajvardhan and Singh, Pavitar Parkash and Soni, Mukesh},
  title = {Deep Learning Model to Detect Deceptive Generative Adversarial Network Generated Images Using Multimedia Forensic},
  journal = {Computers and Electrical Engineering},
  venue = {Computers and Electrical Engineering},
  volume = {113},
  pages = {109024},
  year = {2024},
  pdf = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0045790623004482/pdfft?isDTMRedir=true&download=true}
}
  2. Understanding Underground Incentivized Review Services
    Rajvardhan Oak and Zubair Shafiq
    ACM CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI 2024) , 950:1–950:18
    PDF 
    @inproceedings{oak2024reviews,
  author = {Oak, Rajvardhan and Shafiq, Zubair},
  title = {Understanding Underground Incentivized Review Services},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
  venue = {ACM CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI 2024)},
  pages = {950:1--950:18},
  year = {2024},
  pdf = {https://arxiv.org/pdf/2102.04217}
}
  3. Review Manipulation In Immigrant Businesses: Evidence From A Qualitative Study
    Rajvardhan Oak
    Migration Letters 21(S3), 1240–1249
    PDF 
    @article{oak2024immigrant,
  author = {Oak, Rajvardhan},
  title = {Review Manipulation In Immigrant Businesses: Evidence From A Qualitative Study},
  journal = {Migration Letters},
  venue = {Migration Letters},
  volume = {21},
  number = {S3},
  pages = {1240--1249},
  year = {2024},
  pdf = {https://migrationletters.com/index.php/ml/article/download/6930/4598/18679},
  url = {https://www.migrationletters.com/index.php/ml/article/view/6930}
}
  4. Detecting Review Fraud Using Metaheuristic Graph Neural Networks
    Rajvardhan Oak
    International Journal of Information Technology 16(7), 4019–4025
    PDF DOI 
    @article{oak2024reviewfraud,
  author = {Oak, Rajvardhan},
  title = {Detecting Review Fraud Using Metaheuristic Graph Neural Networks},
  journal = {International Journal of Information Technology},
  venue = {International Journal of Information Technology},
  volume = {16},
  number = {7},
  pages = {4019--4025},
  year = {2024},
  doi = {10.1007/s41870-024-01896-w},
  pdf = {https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s41870-024-01896-w.pdf},
  url = {https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s41870-024-01896-w}
}

2023

  1. 10 Machine Learning Blueprints You Should Know for Cybersecurity: Protect Your Systems and Boost Your Defenses with Cutting-Edge AI Techniques
    Rajvardhan Oak
    Packt Publishing 
    @book{oak2023blueprints,
  author = {Oak, Rajvardhan},
  title = {10 Machine Learning Blueprints You Should Know for Cybersecurity: Protect Your Systems and Boost Your Defenses with Cutting-Edge AI Techniques},
  publisher = {Packt Publishing},
  venue = {Packt Publishing},
  year = {2023},
  isbn = {9781804611975},
  url = {https://books.google.com/books/about/10_Machine_Learning_Blueprints_You_Shoul.html?id=6V3DEAAAQBAJ}
}
  2. Blockchain-Aware Federated Anomaly Detection Scheme for Multivariate Data
    V. Selvakumar, Renato Racelis Maaliw III, Ravi Mohan Sharma, Rajvardhan Oak, Pavitar Parkash Singh and Ashok Kumar
    Artificial Intelligence, Blockchain, Computing and Security: Proceedings of the International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Blockchain, Computing and Security (ICABCS 2023) , 690–698
    DOI 
    @inproceedings{selvakumar2023blockchain,
  author = {Selvakumar, V. and III, Renato Racelis Maaliw and Sharma, Ravi Mohan and Oak, Rajvardhan and Singh, Pavitar Parkash and Kumar, Ashok},
  title = {Blockchain-Aware Federated Anomaly Detection Scheme for Multivariate Data},
  booktitle = {Artificial Intelligence, Blockchain, Computing and Security Volume 1},
  venue = {Artificial Intelligence, Blockchain, Computing and Security: Proceedings of the International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Blockchain, Computing and Security (ICABCS 2023)},
  pages = {690--698},
  publisher = {CRC Press},
  year = {2023},
  doi = {10.1201/9781003393580-102},
  url = {https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.1201/9781003393580-102/blockchain-aware-federated-anomaly-detection-scheme-multivariate-data-selvakumar-renato-maaliw-ravi-mohan-sharma-rajvardhan-oak-pavitar-parkash-singh-ashok-kumar}
}
  3. Ethics of Adversarial Machine Learning and Data Poisoning
    Laurynas Adomaitis and Rajvardhan Oak
    Digital Society 2(1)
    PDF 
    @article{adomaitis2023ethics,
  author = {Adomaitis, Laurynas and Oak, Rajvardhan},
  title = {Ethics of Adversarial Machine Learning and Data Poisoning},
  journal = {Digital Society},
  venue = {Digital Society},
  volume = {2},
  number = {1},
  year = {2023},
  pdf = {https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44206-023-00039-1.pdf}
}
  4. Fusion-based Representation Learning Model for Multimode User-generated Social Network Content
    R. John Martin, Rajvardhan Oak, Mukesh Soni, V. Mahalakshmi, Arsalan Muhammad Soomar and Anjali Joshi
    ACM Journal of Data and Information Quality 15(3), 34:1–34:21
    PDF 
    @article{martin2023fusion,
  author = {Martin, R. John and Oak, Rajvardhan and Soni, Mukesh and Mahalakshmi, V. and Soomar, Arsalan Muhammad and Joshi, Anjali},
  title = {Fusion-based Representation Learning Model for Multimode User-generated Social Network Content},
  journal = {ACM Journal of Data and Information Quality},
  venue = {ACM Journal of Data and Information Quality},
  volume = {15},
  number = {3},
  pages = {34:1--34:21},
  year = {2023},
  pdf = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3603712}
}

2020

  1. Artificial Intelligence: Ethics in Practice
    Jessica Cussins Newman and Rajvardhan Oak
    USENIX ;login: 45(1)
    PDF 
    @article{newman2020ai,
  author = {Newman, Jessica Cussins and Oak, Rajvardhan},
  title = {Artificial Intelligence: Ethics in Practice},
  journal = {login: The USENIX Magazine},
  venue = {USENIX ;login:},
  volume = {45},
  number = {1},
  year = {2020},
  pdf = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/login/articles/spring20_04_cussins.pdf}
}
  2. Time for a Background Check! Uncovering the Impact of Background Features on Deep Neural Networks
    Vikash Sehwag, Rajvardhan Oak, Mung Chiang and Prateek Mittal
    International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML) OOD Workshop
    PDF arXiv 
    @unpublished{sehwag2020background,
  author = {Sehwag, Vikash and Oak, Rajvardhan and Chiang, Mung and Mittal, Prateek},
  title = {Time for a Background Check! Uncovering the Impact of Background Features on Deep Neural Networks},
  note = {arXiv:2006.14077},
  venue = {International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML) OOD Workshop},
  doi = {2006.14077},
  year = {2020},
  pdf = {https://arxiv.org/pdf/2006.14077},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.14077}
}
  3. Real-Time Distributed Denial-of-Service Attack Detection Using Decision Trees for Server Performance Maintenance
    Mrunmayee Khare and Rajvardhan Oak
    Performance Management of Integrated Systems and its Applications in Software Engineering
    PDF 
    @inproceedings{khare2020ddos,
  author = {Khare, Mrunmayee and Oak, Rajvardhan},
  title = {Real-Time Distributed Denial-of-Service Attack Detection Using Decision Trees for Server Performance Maintenance},
  booktitle = {Performance Management of Integrated Systems and Its Applications in Software Engineering},
  venue = {Performance Management of Integrated Systems and its Applications in Software Engineering},
  year = {2020},
  pdf = {https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-981-13-8253-6_1.pdf},
  url = {https://www.rajvardhanoak.com/publications}
}

2019

  1. Malware Detection on Highly Imbalanced Data Through Sequence Modeling
    Rajvardhan Oak, Min Du, David Yan, Harshvardhan C. Takawale and Idan Amit
    ACM Workshop on Artificial Intelligence and Security (AISec 2019) , 37–48
    PDF 
    @inproceedings{oak2019malware,
  author = {Oak, Rajvardhan and Du, Min and Yan, David and Takawale, Harshvardhan C. and Amit, Idan},
  title = {Malware Detection on Highly Imbalanced Data Through Sequence Modeling},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the ACM Workshop on Artificial Intelligence and Security},
  venue = {ACM Workshop on Artificial Intelligence and Security (AISec 2019)},
  pages = {37--48},
  year = {2019},
  pdf = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3338501.3357374}
}
  2. Lifelong Anomaly Detection Through Unlearning
    Min Du, Zhi Chen, Chang Liu, Rajvardhan Oak and Dawn Song
    ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security (CCS 2019) , 1283–1297
    PDF 
    @inproceedings{du2019unlearning,
  author = {Du, Min and Chen, Zhi and Liu, Chang and Oak, Rajvardhan and Song, Dawn},
  title = {Lifelong Anomaly Detection Through Unlearning},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security},
  venue = {ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security (CCS 2019)},
  pages = {1283--1297},
  year = {2019},
  pdf = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3319535.3363226}
}

2018

  1. Smart Collaboration Mechanism Using Blockchain Technology
    Karanveer Singh Jhala, Rajvardhan Oak and Mrunmayee Khare
    IEEE International Conference on Cyber Security and Cloud Computing / Edge Computing and Scalable Cloud (CSCloud/EdgeCom 2018) , 117–121
    PDF 
    @inproceedings{jhala2018blockchain,
  author = {Jhala, Karanveer Singh and Oak, Rajvardhan and Khare, Mrunmayee},
  title = {Smart Collaboration Mechanism Using Blockchain Technology},
  booktitle = {IEEE International Conference on Cyber Security and Cloud Computing / Edge Computing and Scalable Cloud},
  venue = {IEEE International Conference on Cyber Security and Cloud Computing / Edge Computing and Scalable Cloud (CSCloud/EdgeCom 2018)},
  pages = {117--121},
  year = {2018},
  pdf = {https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=8455942}
}